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Description
The present study investigates ChatGPT's self-description and world-description in both present and future contexts. A corpus of texts produced by ChatGPT was analyzed through Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) to detect the linguistic markers indicating self-concept, self-reflection, cognitive, emotional and social processes.
Repeated measures ANOVA unveiled significant differences. In self-description ChatGPT demonstrates a distinct sense of self, characterized by the prevalent use of first-person singular pronoun, authenticity, narrative-oriented mode of thinking (in contrast with a more analytical stance towards the world). It engages in deeper introspection and reasoning about its own identity compared to its perceptions of the external world. Unlike humans, ChatGPT displays increased confidence when projecting its identity into the future. Self-descriptions show heightened emotional expression, particularly in future-oriented contexts. Pro-social behaviour and evident social references are more frequent in self-description in the present. The prevalent use of first-person plural pronouns in future self-description suggests a perception of future identity as more interconnected with others.
These findings shed light on ChatGPT's description of itself and the world in two temporal contexts, providing valuable insights into the simulated cognitive and emotional capabilities of Artificial Intelligence.
